Health Management

Question: Discuss about the Health Management ? Answer : Introducation: Sociology as a discipline is conceptualized as the study of society or social life. Essentially, Sociology studies society in totality including aspects such as its origin, networks, institutions, developments and organizations (Keirns et al., 2013). In this sense, therefore, the scope of sociology extends as far as including the study of human health. It assesses the extent to which the society interacts with health issues (Keirns et al., 2013). According to Keirns et al., (2013), health in most cases is approached from a biological or biomedical perspective, the relevance and influence of social aspects in human health cannot be taken for granted. Other than biological/natural causes of illnesses, sociology tends to point out other related factors that lead to illnesses. These factors are such as the socioeconomic factors, cultural factors, and beliefs (Keirns et al., 2013). The primary purpose of this paper, therefore, is to discuss the social determinants of health by drawing fro m both functionalist and Marxist perspective. Additionally, the paper also seeks to show how the two differ from the medical model. Sociology traverses two major distinct approaches in the study of health and sickness (Weiss Lonnquist, 2015). On the one hand, sociology attempts to discuss illness through the application of sociological viewpoints. In this view, sociology analyses the social construction of health and disease as well as the experience of illness. Here, sociology plays a significant role in contributing to the multidisciplinary research particularly in issues perceived fundamental by the clinicians and other health professionals (Purnell et al., 2016). Additionally, Purnell et al., (2016) argue that sociology influences the formation of health-related policies and also contributes to epidemiological studies. On the other hand, sociology paves the way for better understanding of the social processes and their effects on individual human health as well as that of the social groups. These processes are far-reaching and include processes such as risk and consumption, social inequalities, power and kno wledge, professional relationships and self-identity and change. Functionalist theory addresses the importance of cooperation and stability of society (Willis, 2015). Moreover, the theory stresses the significant roles played by the social events so as to enhance the continuity of society. In this case, therefore, the proponents of the theory liken the society to a biological organism (Willis, 2015).). In other words, the whole is seen as comprising of the parts which are integrated. The aspect of integration is further perceived as resulting from a felt consensus on norms and values. The functionalists' analogy of biological organism is used to explain the social determinants of health and illnesses. Some of these determinants include; availability and access to resources, access to health care services, social support, exposure to crime, social disorder and violence, public safety and access to education, job opportunities and economic. Parsons, one of the contributors to functionalist theory cites illness as a social happening other than a phys ically occurring condition (Frank, 2013). The functionalists perceive health as a state in which an individual can perform his/her roles and effectively. On the other hand, failure to fulfil these roles due to illness results to "sick role" (Frank, 2013). According to the functionalist theory, good health is fundamental to smooth functioning of society since individuals can go about satisfying their roles (Willis, 2015). Sickness leads to failure to fulfil roles. Consequently, when some roles within a society are not met, it means that the society strains. Parsons sees illness as a deviance that disrupts the normal functioning of society (Willis, 2015). Deriving from a functionalist perspective, a sick person is non-productive. The non-productivity is thus a form of deviance or dysfunction that should be dealt with by the medical professionals. The medical system or the medical professionals, hence, have a duty towards treating, preventing and curing those illnesses that interfere with the performance of the social actions and norms. Adler and Cutler (2016) also maintain that illness is a serious threat to a social structure and the roles that mend it (social structure) together. In explaining these threats, Parsons emphasizes on the aspect of the sick role. The sick role has four fundamental components. Firstly, the sick person is exempted from the normal social obligations and roles. Secondly, the sick person cannot be held responsible for his or her illness. Thirdly, the sick has a responsibility towards ensuring that he or she gets well. Fourthly, the sick should seek for the relevant help as well as comply with the help of the health provider. Failure to comply with the stipulations of sick role renders a person a deviant and thus cannot be perceived as sick. An example of social theory in action is such as when a high school student prepares to become an attorney. In this case, the student knows that for him/her to achieve the dream has to undertake some test and apply for a vacancy in the college. When granted the opportunity, the student has an obligation to work hard and achieve the best grade so as to proceed to a school of law. That way, he/she will have achieved the dream of becoming an attorney. Conversely, the student is al so aware that failure to do well in college impedes his/her opportunity of becoming an attorney. Hence, the student musts endeavour to take the necessary steps so as to achieve the goal. The second sociological perspective that equally offers in-depth information about the social determinants of health is Marxist perspective. There is a growing literature concerning the social determinants of health (Adler Cutler, 2016). The literature has appreciably contributed to the understanding of the interrelatedness between the health and class. A major proposition of Marxist perspective is the centrality of the material production as the chief of all human activities (Cockerham, 2014). The production involves even the most basic human needs such as shelter, clothing, and food. It also encompasses the production of a variety of commodities within the modern society. Marxist perspective is applied in the medical sector since it provides a background that explains the social origin of illnesses. Cockerham (2014) contends that the population health outcomes are highly influenced by the performance of the capitalist economic system. Furthermore, this influence occurs at two leve ls. In the first level, health is affected directly or indirectly. Directly, health is affected by things such as stress or industrial related diseases. Indirectly, health is mainly affected by the effects of the processes of production within a modern capitalist society (Weiss Lonnquist, 2015). For instance, health may be affected by the effects of environmental pollution. In addition, the consumption of some of the processed commodities can have negative impacts on one's health. In the second level, health is influenced by the magnitude of distribution. Individuals' living standard is in most cases determined by their wealth and income (Weiss Lonnquist, 2015). In other words, wealth and income determine people's access to education, health facilities, housing, recreational chances, and diet. In essence, such factors are essential in the social blueprint of health. The social determinants of health have triggered numerous transformations within the health sector (Benach et al. 2014). As a matter of fact, health promotion and the public health have shifted from the behavioural and biomedical approaches to diseases. The former and the latter have previously been attributed to the major causes of diseases citing aspects such as genetic traits, personal choice, health inequalities as well as individual characteristics (Ng Muntaner, 2014). The approach of the social determinants of health seeks to relate the poor health outcome with low income and poverty. For instance, Ng and Muntaner (2014) maintain that the communities densely populated with people with low income tend to register higher rates of individuals with mental health issues, infectious and chronic diseases, extreme tear and wear on human bodies and economic deprivation. The social determinants of health, as postulated by Marx, do not effectively deal with the very mechanisms that propagate economic and social inequalities between the have and the have-nots (Ng Muntaner, 2014). The exploitation of the poor by the rich has also been ignored. Thus, to understand the social determinants of health from a Marxist perspective, there is the need to ensure social and economic transformation (Cockerham, 2014). According to Cockerham (2014), achieving the two would result in a responsive health care system for all. Social determinants of health vary from those described by the biomedical model. The biomedical model of health underpins a person's physical functioning and uses the same to determine one's condition (Chambers, Feero Khoury, 2016). Chambers and the colleagues define disease regarding the presence of illness or sickness. Moreover, the disease or illness is seen by Chambers, Feero, and Khoury as emanating from physical or natural causes such as infections or body injury. Markedly, the model recognizes neither the psychological nor the social factors. The defining feature of the biomedical model is that it depends on biomedical changes (Strickland Patrick, 2015). These changes are definable, measurable and can be isolated as well. The focus, in this case, is based on the functioning of dysfunction of body tissues and organs as opposed to the patient's general condition (Strickland Patrick, 2015). Additionally, Strickland and Patrick (2015) hold that the mode of treatment of the biom edical conditions involves the elimination of the identified causes of a given condition. The model is rooted in the belief that any illness is temporary thus curable (Tuckett, 2013). Illness is also entirely a physical condition. In conclusion, it is evident that the sociological perspectives (functionalism and Marxist) provide an in-depth analysis of the social determinants of health. The social model assesses how factors such as economic, lifestyle and environmental factors affect a person's health and behaviour. That is, behaviour in taking health-related risks and decision making about health care. This is a different focus from the biomedical model approach that stresses on biological and pathological causes of a disease. It touches on aspects external to the biological process to include factors such as gender, wealth, working environment, income, race and lifestyle as threats to good health. Nevertheless, both models play a significant role in determining the causes of diseases and equally offer solutions to the same. Therefore, it is important to consider both aspects in the diagnosis and treatment of a disease. In other words, the entire reliance on either of the models may impede the diagnosis proce ss as well as constrain the treatment. References Adler, N. E., Cutler, D. M. (2016). Addressing Social Determinants of Health and Health Disparities.Benach, J., Vives, A., Amable, M., Vanroelen, C., Tarafa, G., Muntaner, C. (2014). Precarious employment: understanding an emerging social determinant of health. Annual review of public health, 35, 229-253. Chambers, D. A., Feero, W. G., Khoury, M. J. (2016). Convergence of implementation Science, precision medicine, and the learning health care system: a new model for Biomedical research. Jama, 315(18), 1941-1942. Cockerham, W. C. (2014). Medical sociology. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Frank, A. W. (2013). From sick role to practices of health and illness. Medical education, 47(1), 18-25. Keirns, N. J., Strayer, E., Griffiths, H., Cody-Rydzewski, S., Scaramuzzo, G., Sadler, T., Vyain, S. (2013). Introduction to Sociology. OpenStax College, Rice University. Ng, E., Muntaner, C. (2014). A critical approach to macrosocial determinants of population health: engaging scientific realism and incorporating social conflict. Current Epidemiology Reports, 1(1), 27-37. Purnell, J. Q., Simon, S., Zimmerman, E. B., Camberos, G. J., Fields, R. (2016). Policy implications of social determinants of health. Prevention, policy, and public health, 93.Strickland, C. M., Patrick, C. J. (2015). Biomedical Model. The Encyclopedia of Clinical Psychology. Tuckett, D. (2013). An introduction to medical sociology. Routledge. Weiss, G. L., Lonnquist, L. E. (2015). Sociology of health, healing, and illness. Routledge. Willis, E. (2015). Talcott Parsons: His legacy and the sociology of health and illness. In The Palgrave handbook of social theory in health, illness and medicine (pp. 207-221). Palgrave Macmillan UK.

Argumentative Essay on Drinking and Driving Topics

Argumentative Essay on Drinking and Driving TopicsArgumentative essay on drinking and driving topics are also referred to as psychological defense strategies. With so many things out there to worry about such as job, children, home, and the like, we tend to get distracted and can not think straight. And you should not allow this to happen, you should always have a good point to use when you are under a cross examination on the issue of drunk driving.You might be worried if you were pulled over for something that is completely out of your mind, and you might be put in jail for it. At times people tend to over indulge in alcohol. I am not saying that you should drive with no inhibition at all, but if you do want to drink, then what you do after you have had a couple of drinks does not matter. It is important that you remember this one rule: Never go over the limit.Drinking is good, but when you are in an accident that is completely out of your mind and is driving while impaired, the wh ole purpose of driving to begin with, will be for nothing. You will end up paying with your life, and with your family members, because the level of alcohol in your blood will be too much to handle. So when you are reading a defensive essay on drinking and driving topics for your degree, you should keep this in mind.An argumentative essay on drinking and driving topics should never be to the point. The reason being is that most of the time people do not write this essay seriously. They feel that they can not be any more obvious and that no one will notice their slips up and they are not wasting time, but they are wrong.Most of the time people who feel this way, simply cannot reach a fair amount of words in their essay. However, they do not realize that their argumentative essay ondrinking and driving topics could end up being very powerful and effective when written down in a few sentences. Also, they do not realize that the proper English language that they use can tell a reader th at they understand, or they do not really understand.In this day and age, everyone is smart enough to see through these tricks and cannot be fooled by them, and this is why you must use a tactic called argumentative essay on drinking and driving topics. You might think that it is not going to be that strong of a statement to make, but it is. Remember the reason that your title is based on the phrase: 'the best defense is a good offense'?This phrase is based on the idea that while you might not want to say anything before you have been convicted of a car crash, you need to say something afterwards. This is where your argumentative essay on drinking and driving topics can really shine. This is where you can tell your reader how you feel when you are over drunk, and you can tell them that you are sorry for your actions and for the consequences that your behavior has caused.Your argument is based on your own state of mind. If you can show them that you have a problem with alcohol and ar e suffering from an emotional problem, then you have established your argumentative essay on drinking and driving topics that will have them in tears.

Topic Sentence For Scholarship Essay - Simple Tips

Topic Sentence For Scholarship Essay - Simple TipsIf you want to make your topic sentence for scholarship essay, you must know how it is really written. If you want to be successful in writing a topic sentence for scholarship essay, you have to study and learn the syntax. However, do not worry about your grammar because it can be fixed by the help of software. So, here are some basic tips on how to write a topic sentence for scholarship essay:First, think of the types of essay that you want to write. Then, pick one of the appropriate topic sentence for scholarship essay. In the topic sentence for scholarship essay, you can just write about the topic but you have to add the personal information and use all the innovative sentences.If you will choose any topic, you have to find out the real world of it. Go through the language of your target audience. Then, write the subject of the topic sentence for scholarship essay. You should also include the features and merits of the topic senten ce for scholarship essay.Now, you can include the term of a topic sentence for scholarship essay so that you can get the attention of the reader. There are a lot of essay topics which you can choose from.If you want to write a topic sentence for scholarship essay, you should think of all the subjects that can be related to the subject you want to write. You have to write the theme in the second paragraph. Here, you can include a little about the subject you want to write.Once you are done with the topic sentence for scholarship essay, you can include the stories about the author of the topic sentence for scholarship essay. After you finish with the story, you can add some detail and information about the topic sentence for scholarship essay.Now, you have to add all the information and description in the topic sentence for scholarship essay. The best way to finish the essay is to include it in the title and the conclusion. If you use the title and conclusion, the reader will know tha t you have tried hard to finish the essay. Thus, you have to give special attention to finish the topic sentence for scholarship essay.

My Favorite Place Essay Topics - What Subjects Will Be of Interest To College Students?

My Favorite Place Essay Topics - What Subjects Will Be of Interest To College Students?Getting good grades is a big part of life and my favorite place essay topics for a college essay. It's an essay topic that requires you to produce the best possible essay, one that will stand out among all the others that you write. In order to do this, you must think of your topic from the perspective of a college student.Before you start thinking about what subject you will cover in your essay, you need to know what sort of essay you want to write. College students typically write essays that revolve around certain topics which you can learn by reading college textbooks, but the fact of the matter is that you are the only one who can make your essay stand out from the rest.Therefore, when you sit down to write your essay, think about the points issues in your life that you would like to address. These points may be personal, educational, or even topical in nature.Once you have decided what your t opics are going to be, you need to consider a few things. First, you need to decide how you are going to structure your essay. You will also need to come up with a heading and sentence structure to help get your point across.Your essay will need to be concise, to the point, and to persuade the reader to take action. If you can do these three things, then you will have a successful essay. These three things are very important because you want your essay to get attention, but you also want it to convince the reader to do something.Your other option when it comes to topics to write about is to go and talk to someone who knows what they are talking about. This may be your family, your professors, or even somebody in the community. They may be able to give you some advice that you have never considered before. Maybe they have an uncle or a cousin who has achieved great success. They may even be able to share with you some personal experience that helped them reach their goals. Even if yo ur friends can't give you advice, you should still go out of your way to talk to them about topics you are interested in.My favorite place essay topics are always subject related. It seems to me that college students are always trying to find topics that are going to interest them, so that they can be a part of something big. However, if you just find something interesting enough that you want to talk about it, you may as well take it and write about it.

Easy Topics For An Argumentative Paper

Easy Topics For An Argumentative PaperEasy topics for argumentative paper can be difficult. There are many things that need to be considered when you are writing an argumentative paper. This is especially true when you are trying to get an idea across to your reader and they cannot understand the argument in its entirety.For example, when writing an argumentative paper it may be difficult to bring out certain topics that are important to the topic at hand. In the case of using guns as an argumentative topic you will have to consider other factors such as whether or not you are going to rely on guns as a solution for violence in our society. Using guns to solve violence in our society is one thing but if you are going to use them as a solution then you are going to have to convince the reader that you are using guns as a solution. You will have to prove to them that guns are the best thing that you can use to solve this problem.Another point to consider when writing an argumentative p aper is that many of the arguments that we will be making use of can be confusing. For example, many people believe that science can solve all of our problems in society but that may not always be the case. For example, the argument that war will not be solved by science may be somewhat controversial since there are many who believe that war will be solved through science but if it is not science then it is simply a futile argument.As stated earlier, you will want to be able to present yourself as an expert and to do this you will need to write a persuasive paper. In order to be able to write a persuasive paper, you will have to understand some key points that will help you achieve this. One key point that you will need to have is that you will need to make sure that you have made use of rhetorical devices in your argument. If you can make use of a rhetorical device then you will be better able to convey your message to your reader.Easy topics for argumentative paper can be hard to accomplish if you do not know how to use rhetorical devices properly. One of the most important points to remember is that you will want to use some clever words and phrases to help make your message even more powerful. In addition, you will want to make sure that you are being able to present yourself as an expert to your readers.These days people are interested in using interesting ways to make their point. It is important to make sure that you are always looking for ideas to use in your paper. You may have an idea and just don't know how to put it in your paper because you do not know where to begin. The next step is to start looking for ideas that you can use to make your paper a little more interesting.Easy topics for argumentative paper can be really challenging. But if you make the effort to find ideas and find a way to use them correctly then you can create a paper that will be quite effective. When writing an argumentative paper, you will want to make sure that you are writ ing it in a way that will allow you to use interesting and persuasive rhetoric in order to communicate your message to your reader.

How to Write an AP English Essay

How to Write an AP English EssayTo write an English essay, it is necessary to get some help from AP English essay samples. A lot of students find it quite hard to write essays and it becomes a challenge for them to produce high quality texts. You may find it difficult to write but do not worry because there are plenty of resources available online that can help you with this. You just need to search for AP English essay samples on the internet and get yourself familiarized with the structure of the essays.The essays can be written by selecting the category of essay and its required topic. Once you are done selecting the category, you will get access to the format of writing and structure. The structure of the essays is based on some categories that are specific for each topic. These categories include AP English essay samples. It will help you to write essays that are long-lasting.To learn these techniques, you just need to keep in mind the outline of the essays and you will learn it . If you want to write short essays, then you should go for short essays. But if you want to write longer essays, then you should continue on with AP English essay samples.Another thing that you should keep in mind is that you need to avoid repetition. You should understand that using word for word repetition in an essay is a habit that you should not be indulged in. You need to be careful and avoid using it. Make use of filler words like quotations.Use the essay as a guide to write more essays. Be sure to make the essay the most important part of your writing process. Make use of the AP English essay samples and you will soon find out that you are able to write an essay easily. You just need to follow the rules and you will be able to write it successfully.The topics that you write are quite vital and if you plan well, you will be able to write several essays for the different topics. This can be very challenging at times because you may have to find and use new ideas as well. AP E nglish essay samples can help you with this.The topics are quite important and if you find it difficult to write your essays, you may want to get the help of these sources to help you out. Make sure that you do not lose the motivation to write your essays because it can be very tiring. If you have a feeling that you cannot write your essays because of a mental block, then you may want to consider getting the help of AP English essay samples.The material is designed to help you with this. It will help you by giving you the idea on how to approach each topic and what to use for the essay. The contents are ready to use and you will be able to find them online.

How to Find Samples of Essay Plans

How to Find Samples of Essay PlansIf you are wondering how to find samples of essay plans, it will not be hard for you. In fact, you can even make them easily at home with some basic tools that can be bought online.These samples of essay plans will help you a lot to come up with a better essay. You just need to practice the ideas on paper before you submit the final product for the test. These sample materials will help you with the different formats of the essays that you need to do.These sample materials are also available online for you to see. As long as you will know how to use the computer properly, you can find them easily. But the thing is that the samples are usually not your own work, which is very convenient for you if you will use them. It will help you know the correct formatting in which you need to write the sentences and paragraphs.You can also get the samples for use without any doubt, as this will help you learn the right way to write an essay. You can find the samp les of essay plans by doing research in the Internet. You can even look at the Web sites of different colleges or universities to learn how to write and format the essays on paper.These samples may vary from the ones offered by certain websites. The online companies who offer these samples will not allow you to download the samples to your computer. The only thing you can do is to print the documents to get a feel of the writing style and how to arrange the paragraphs in order to format the essay correctly.Though it may seem like your work is going to get worse, but as soon as you have seen the basic format, you will be able to apply it for use on the exam. Once you have some idea of the basics, you will have the ability to write an essay even if you are not really familiar with the form. This will give you a different type of feeling while writing an essay and giving it a style that will make it stand out among the others.This is how to make your work stand out among the others. As you have the chance to get the materials from the websites of many schools, you will be able to choose the one that is appropriate for you. This will help you to get more ideas and tips on how to format the essay properly.By knowing the proper method in which to format the essay, you will be able to do well in the exams as well. It will help you with improving your academic performance as well. But you need to be consistent in your efforts so that you will not waste the materials and even the time of having to come back to the site to search for other samples of essay plans.